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## Package javax.microedition.pki

Certificates are used to authenticate information for secure Connections.

See:
Description

Interface Summary
Certificate | Interface common to certificates.

Exception Summary
CertificateException | The `CertificateException` encapsulates an error that occurred while a `Certificate` is being used.

## Package javax.microedition.pki Description

Certificates are used to authenticate information for secure Connections. The `Certificate` interface provides to the application information about the origin and type of the certificate. The `CertificateException` provides information about failures that may occur while verifying or using certificates.

The X.509 Certificate Profile below defines the format and usage of certificates. X.509 Certificates MUST be supported. Other certificate formats MAY be supported. The implementation MAY store only the essential information from certificates. Internally, the fields of the certificate MAY be stored in any format that is suitable for the implementation.

### References

Java Card 3.0 devices are expected to operate (directly or indirectly through their hosting device) using standard Internet and wireless protocols and techniques for transport and security. The current mechanisms for securing Internet content is based on existing Internet standards for public key cryptography:

- [RFC2437] - PKCS #1 RSA Encryption Version 2.0
- [RFC2459] - Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure
- [WAPCERT] - WAP-211-WAPCert-20010522-a - WAP Certificate Profile Specification

## X.509 Certificate Profile

WAP-211-WAPCert-20010522-a [WAPCert] which is based on RFC2459 Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and CRL Profile [RFC2459].

Devices MUST conform to all mandatory requirements in [WAPCert] and SHOULD conform to all optional requirements in [WAPCert] except those requirements in excluded sections listed below. Mandatory and optional requirements are listed in Appendix C of [WAPCert]. Additional requirements, ON TOP of those listed in [WAPCert] are given below.

- Excluding [WAPCert] Section 6.2, User Certificates for Authentication
- Excluding [WAPCert] Section 6.3, User Certificates for Digital Signatures

RFC2459 contains sections which are not relevant to implementations of this specification. The WAP Certificate Profile does not mention these functions. The sections to be excluded are:

- Exclude the requirements from Paragraphs 4 of Section 4.2 - Standard Certificate Extensions. A conforming implementation of this specification does not need to recognize extensions that must or may be critical including certificate policies, name constraints, and policy constraints.
- Exclude RFC2459 Section 6.2 Extending Path Validation. Support for Policy Certificate Authority or policy attributes is not required.

### Certificate Extensions

A version 1 X.509 certificate MUST be considered equivalent to a version 3 certificate with no extensions. At a minimum, a device conforming to this profile MUST recognize key usage (see RFC2459 sec. 4.2.1.3), basic constraints (see RFC2459 sec. 4.2.1.10).

Although a conforming device may not recognize the authority and subject key identifier (see RFC2459 sec. 4.2.1.1 and 4.2.1.2) extensions it MUST support certificate authorities that sign certificates using the same distinguished name but using multiple public keys.

Implementations MUST be able to process certificates with unknown distinguished name attributes.

Implementations MUST be able to process certificates with unknown, non-critical certificate extensions.

The `serialNumber` attribute defined by [WAPCert] must be recognized in distinguished names for Issuer and Subject.

### Certificate Size

Devices must be able to process certificates that are not self-signed root CA certificates of size up to at least 1500 bytes.

### Algorithm Support

A device MUST support the RSA signature algorithm with the SHA-1 hash function `sha1WithRSAEncryption` as defined by PKCS #1 [RFC2437]. Devices that support these algorithms MUST be capable of verifying signatures made with RSA keys of length up to and including 2048 bits.

Devices SHOULD support signature algorithms `md2WithRSAEncryption` and `md5WithRSAEncryption` as defined in [RFC2437]. Devices that support these algorithms MUST be capable of verifying signatures made with RSA keys of length up to and including 2048 bits.

### Certificate Processing for HTTPS

Devices MUST recognize the extended key usage extension defined of RFC2818 if it is present and is marked critical and when present MUST verify that the extension contains the `id-kp-serverAuth` object identifier (see RFC2459 sec. 4.2.1.13).

SSL and TLS allow the web server to include the redundant root certificate in the server certificate message. In practice this certificate may not have the basic constraint extension (it is most likely a version 1 certificate), a device MUST ignore the redundant certificate in this case. Web servers SHOULD NOT include a self-signed root CA in a certificate chain.

Since:
  MIDP 2.0, Foundation Profile 1.1, Java Card 3.0

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